PyQT5+ pyqtgraph 實作的高效能 100Hz IMU 即時繪圖 GUI

 以下是使用 pyqtgraph 實作的高效能 100Hz IMU 即時繪圖 GUI，支援：

---

✅ 功能特色

功能	說明
⚡ 高速更新	使用 pyqtgraph 支援 100Hz 頻率流暢更新
🎨 即時圖表繪製	即時顯示 b1~b6 任意組合資料
🎛 資料組別切換	可選擇顯示 b1~b6 / b1~b3 / b4~b6
⏱ 時間窗可設定	顯示 1~5 秒 IMU 時域資料

---

📦 安裝 pyqtgraph

bash
pip install pyqtgraph

---

🧠 完整 PyQt5 + pyqtgraph 即時繪圖程式

python
import sys
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (
    QApplication, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout,
    QPushButton, QFileDialog, QComboBox, QLabel
)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QTimer
import pyqtgraph as pg

class IMUGraph(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("IMU 即時繪圖 (100Hz) - pyqtgraph")
        self.resize(1000, 600)

        # 資料相關
        self.data = None
        self.index = 0
        self.fs = 100  # 100Hz
        self.seq_len = 100
        self.group_mode = 0  # b1~b6

        # 定時器
        self.timer = QTimer()
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_plot)

        # UI
        self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.setLayout(self.layout)

        control_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.load_button = QPushButton("📂 載入 CSV")
        self.play_button = QPushButton("▶️ 播放 / 暫停")

        self.combo_time = QComboBox()
        self.combo_time.addItems(["1 秒", "2 秒", "3 秒", "4 秒", "5 秒"])

        self.combo_group = QComboBox()
        self.combo_group.addItems(["顯示 b1~b6", "顯示 b1~b3", "顯示 b4~b6"])

        self.label = QLabel("📌 尚未載入資料")

        control_layout.addWidget(self.load_button)
        control_layout.addWidget(self.play_button)
        control_layout.addWidget(QLabel("時間窗："))
        control_layout.addWidget(self.combo_time)
        control_layout.addWidget(QLabel("資料組："))
        control_layout.addWidget(self.combo_group)

        self.layout.addLayout(control_layout)
        self.layout.addWidget(self.label)

        # 繪圖區
        self.plot_widget = pg.PlotWidget(title="IMU 即時資料")
        self.plot_widget.setLabel("bottom", "時間", "秒")
        self.plot_widget.setLabel("left", "數值")
        self.layout.addWidget(self.plot_widget)

        self.curves = []
        self.colors = ['r', 'g', 'b']

        # 綁定事件
        self.load_button.clicked.connect(self.load_csv)
        self.play_button.clicked.connect(self.toggle_play)
        self.combo_time.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.set_seq_len)
        self.combo_group.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.set_group)

    def load_csv(self):
        fname, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "選擇 CSV 檔", "", "CSV files (*.csv)")
        if fname:
            self.data = pd.read_csv(fname, encoding='utf-8')
            self.label.setText(f"✅ 已載入：{fname.split('/')[-1]}")
            self.index = 0
            self.set_seq_len()
            self.set_group()
            self.init_plot()

    def set_seq_len(self):
        self.seq_len = self.fs * (self.combo_time.currentIndex() + 1)

    def set_group(self):
        self.group_mode = self.combo_group.currentIndex()
        self.init_plot()

    def init_plot(self):
        self.plot_widget.clear()
        self.curves = []

        if self.group_mode == 0:  # b1~b6
            for i in range(6):
                curve = self.plot_widget.plot(pen=pg.mkPen(self.colors[i % 3], width=2, style=pg.QtCore.Qt.SolidLine if i < 3 else pg.QtCore.Qt.DashLine))
                self.curves.append(curve)
        elif self.group_mode == 1:  # b1~b3
            for i in range(3):
                curve = self.plot_widget.plot(pen=pg.mkPen(self.colors[i], width=2))
                self.curves.append(curve)
        elif self.group_mode == 2:  # b4~b6
            for i in range(3):
                curve = self.plot_widget.plot(pen=pg.mkPen(self.colors[i], width=2))
                self.curves.append(curve)

    def toggle_play(self):
        if self.timer.isActive():
            self.timer.stop()
            self.play_button.setText("▶️ 播放 / 暫停")
        else:
            self.timer.start(10)  # 100Hz
            self.play_button.setText("⏸️ 播放中...")

    def update_plot(self):
        if self.data is None or self.index + self.seq_len > len(self.data):
            self.timer.stop()
            self.play_button.setText("▶️ 播放 / 暫停")
            return

        segment = self.data.iloc[self.index:self.index + self.seq_len]
        time = np.linspace(0, self.seq_len / self.fs, self.seq_len)

        if self.group_mode == 0:  # b1~b6
            for i in range(6):
                self.curves[i].setData(time, segment[f'b{i+1}'].values)
        elif self.group_mode == 1:  # b1~b3
            for i in range(3):
                self.curves[i].setData(time, segment[f'b{i+1}'].values)
        elif self.group_mode == 2:  # b4~b6
            for i in range(3):
                self.curves[i].setData(time, segment[f'b{i+4}'].values)

        self.index += 1


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    gui = IMUGraph()
    gui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

---

✅ 效能特點

比較	matplotlib	pyqtgraph
每秒重繪速率	約 10~30 fps	最高可達數百 fps
即時顯示延遲	明顯延遲	幾乎即時
適合用途	靜態分析	即時 IMU、EEG、ECG 等資料流

---

需要我幫你進一步加入：

• 顯示 type 分類標籤？

• 即時套用分類模型（LSTM）預測並顯示？

• 儲存播放結果為影片或 CSV？

•